電(dian)(dian)(dian)力變(bian)壓(ya)器是電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統內傳輸分配電(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)設(she)備之(zhi)一(yi)，如果發(fa)生故障將(jiang)引起(qi)大面積停電(dian)(dian)(dian)，造(zao)成不良(liang)社會(hui)影響；變(bian)壓(ya)器帶(dai)病投運(yun)也會(hui)引起(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網系(xi)統事(shi)故。為了(le)保(bao)證其(qi)安全(quan)穩(wen)定運(yun)行，人(ren)們對其(qi)做(zuo)出廠(chang)試(shi)驗、交(jiao)接(jie)試(shi)驗、例行試(shi)驗以及(ji)預(yu)防(fang)試(shi)驗，無(wu)論(lun)何類試(shi)驗，測(ce)試(shi)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)阻是不可缺(que)少的(de)(de)項(xiang)目之(zhi)一(yi)，依據直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值的(de)(de)變(bian)化(hua)情況能方(fang)便準確(que)地判斷出變(bian)壓(ya)器電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)連(lian)接(jie)回路是否存在缺(que)陷，是檢查變(bian)壓(ya)器電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)回路連(lian)接(jie)狀(zhuang)況的(de)(de)唯(wei)一(yi)辦法。只要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)直(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻試(shi)驗必(bi)然使變(bian)壓(ya)器鐵芯(xin)嚴重飽(bao)和而產生剩磁。如果剩磁不消除直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)掛網投運(yun)，就會(hui)發(fa)生事(shi)故。

       如：第(di)(di)(di)一引發(fa)變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護裝置(zhi)誤(wu)動，使變(bian)壓器的(de)(de)投(tou)運(yun)頻頻失敗(bai)；第(di)(di)(di)二A電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)一臺變(bian)壓器空(kong)載接(jie)進電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源產生的(de)(de)勵(li)磁涌(yong)(yong)(yong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)，誘發(fa)鄰近其他B電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)、C電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)等正在(zai)運(yun)行的(de)(de)變(bian)壓器產生和(he)應涌(yong)(yong)(yong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)而誤(wu)跳閘，造(zao)成大面積停(ting)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；第(di)(di)(di)三勵(li)磁涌(yong)(yong)(yong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)會導致變(bian)壓器及斷路(lu)器因(yin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動力過大受損；第(di)(di)(di)四誘發(fa)操縱過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，損壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備；第(di)(di)(di)五(wu)勵(li)磁涌(yong)(yong)(yong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)中的(de)(de)直流(liu)(liu)(liu)分量(liang)導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)互感器磁路(lu)被過度(du)磁化而大幅降低丈(zhang)量(liang)精度(du)和(he)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)正確動作(zuo)率(lv)；第(di)(di)(di)六勵(li)磁涌(yong)(yong)(yong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)中的(de)(de)大量(liang)諧(xie)波(bo)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能質量(liang)造(zao)成嚴重的(de)(de)污染(ran)；第(di)(di)(di)七造(zao)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓驟升或驟降，影(ying)響其他電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備正常工(gong)作(zuo)等等。

       一般消磁(ci)(ci)采用(yong)(yong)交流(liu)法(fa)和直流(liu)法(fa)兩種。交流(liu)法(fa)因設備龐大非常不適合(he)現(xian)場(chang)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。常規直流(liu)法(fa)消磁(ci)(ci)效果一般只能(neng)達到(dao)(dao)10-50%；更不適合(he)現(xian)場(chang)的(de)是它的(de)消磁(ci)(ci)時間超(chao)長，一般每相消磁(ci)(ci)時間有40-120分(fen)鐘(zhong)。消除一臺(tai)500kV及以(yi)上(shang)的(de)變壓(ya)器到(dao)(dao)少(shao)要(yao)三(san)個(ge)小時以(yi)上(shang)。

       本文介紹(shao)了(le)一種消除和(he)測量變(bian)壓器剩(sheng)磁的(de)新型(xing)儀(yi)器——直流衰減變(bian)頻消磁裝置，其消磁效果能(neng)達90%以上，消磁時間一臺變(bian)壓器只要幾分鐘(zhong)。非常適用現場，完(wan)全能(neng)夠避(bi)免剩(sheng)磁所產生的(de)危害(hai)，具有較大(da)的(de)社會效益、經濟效益和(he)巨大(da)的(de)推廣價(jia)值。